SUBNET Calculator
| Sum R-L | 255 | 127 | 62 | 31 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 1 |
| Value | 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| MASK | 128 | 192 | 224 | 240 | 248 | 252 | 254 | 255 |
ADDRESS RANGE
| Class | Start | End | 1st Oct Bits | Networks | Hosts |
| A | 1.0.0.1 | 127.255.255.254 | 0xxxxxxx | 127 | 16,777,214 |
| B | 128.1.0.1 | 191.255.255.254 | 10xxxxxxx | 16,384 | 65,534 |
| C | 192.0.1.1 | 223.255.255.254 | 110xxxxx | 2,097,152 | 254 |
| D | 224.0.0.0 | 239.255.255.255 | 1110xxxx | Reserved | MULTICAST |
| E | 240.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.254 | 1111xxxx | Reserved | Future Use, R&D, DOD |

RESERVED PRIVATE ADDRESSES
| Class | Start | End | Subnet Mask |
| A | 10.0.0.0 | 10.255.255.255 | 255.0.0.0 |
| B | 172.16.0.0 | 172.31.255.255 | 255.255.0.0 |
| C | 192.168.0.1 | 192.168.255.255 | 255.255.255.0 |
LINK LOCAL ADDRESSES
| Start | End | |
| 169.254.0.1 | 169.254.255.255 | APIPA |
* Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
* Auto-assigned IP address to local host if DHCP server cannot be contacted.
* NOT routed by any router
OTHER RESERVED ADDRESSES
| Start | End | |
| 127.0.0.1 | 127.255.255.255 | Loopback & Testing IP Applications |
| 244.0.0.1 | 244.0.0.255 | Class D Multicast (IANA) |
WILDCARD MASK
| Slash | Netmask | Wildcard mask |
|---|---|---|
| /32 | 255.255.255.255 | 0.0.0.0 |
| /31 | 255.255.255.254 | 0.0.0.1 |
| /30 | 255.255.255.252 | 0.0.0.3 |
| /29 | 255.255.255.248 | 0.0.0.7 |
| /28 | 255.255.255.240 | 0.0.0.15 |
| /27 | 255.255.255.224 | 0.0.0.31 |
| /26 | 255.255.255.192 | 0.0.0.63 |
| /25 | 255.255.255.128 | 0.0.0.127 |
| /24 | 255.255.255.0 | 0.0.0.255 |
| /23 | 255.255.254.0 | 0.0.1.255 |
| /22 | 255.255.252.0 | 0.0.3.255 |
| /21 | 255.255.248.0 | 0.0.7.255 |
| /20 | 255.255.240.0 | 0.0.15.255 |
| /19 | 255.255.224.0 | 0.0.31.255 |
| /18 | 255.255.192.0 | 0.0.63.255 |
| /17 | 255.255.128.0 | 0.0.127.255 |
| /16 | 255.255.0.0 | 0.0.255.255 |
| /15 | 255.254.0.0 | 0.1.255.255 |
| /14 | 255.252.0.0 | 0.3.255.255 |
| /13 | 255.248.0.0 | 0.7.255.255 |
| /12 | 255.240.0.0 | 0.15.255.255 |
| /11 | 255.224.0.0 | 0.31.255.255 |
| /10 | 255.192.0.0 | 0.63.255.255 |
| /9 | 255.128.0.0 | 0.127.255.255 |
| /8 | 255.0.0.0 | 0.255.255.255 |
| /7 | 254.0.0.0 | 1.255.255.255 |
| /6 | 252.0.0.0 | 3.255.255.255 |
| /5 | 248.0.0.0 | 7.255.255.255 |
| /4 | 240.0.0.0 | 15.255.255.255 |
| /3 | 224.0.0.0 | 31.255.255.255 |
| /2 | 192.0.0.0 | 63.255.255.255 |
| /1 | 128.0.0.0 | 127.255.255.255 |
| /0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.255 |